Raptor

2026-07-15T20:06:56Z

Alexbeav: Adding info about GLB files

{{NeedMoreInfo}}
{{Game Infobox
| Levels = Edit
| Tiles = Edit
| Sprites = Edit
| Fullscreen = Edit
| Sound = No
| Music = Edit
| Text = Edit
| Story = No
| Interface = No
}}

== Tools ==

{{BeginFileFormatTools|Type=game}}
{{FileFormatTool
| Name = [[Camoto]]
| Platform = Linux/Windows
| grp = Edit
| map = No
| gfx = Some
| mus = No
| sfx = No
| txt = No
| sav = No
| exe = No
}}
{{FileFormatTool
| Name = [[Camoto Online#gamearchive.js|Camoto/gamearchive.js]]
| Platform = Any
| grp = Edit
| map = No
| gfx = No
| mus = No
| sfx = No
| txt = No
| sav = No
| exe = No
}}
{{FileFormatTool
| Name = [https://github.com/Alexbeav/raptor-map-editor Raptor Map Editor]
| Platform = Any
| grp = Edit
| map = Edit
| gfx = Some
| mus = Edit
| sfx = No
| txt = No
| sav = No
| exe = No
}}
{{EndFileFormatTools}}

== Related links ==

* Raptor's creators have [http://mking.com/raptor_game.html ported it to other platforms] including iPhone and Windows
* The [https://github.com/skynettx/dosraptor original source code] of the DOS version has been released
* [https://github.com/Alexbeav/raptor-map-editor Raptor Map Editor] — browser-based level, sprite-library and music editor

{{BeginGameFileList}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *.glb
| Format = [[GLB Format (Raptor)]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Archive file storing most of the game data files
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *.ini
| Format = ASCII text
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Configuration file storing game settings
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_agx
| Format = [[Raptor Animated Graphics]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Files used for Raptor fullscreen cutscenes.
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = genmidi_op2
| Format = [[OP2 Bank Format]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = [[OPL]] FM patches for MIDI instruments
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = lastscr?_txt
| Format = [[B800 Text]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Text-mode exit screens
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_dat
| Format = [[VGA Palette]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = 6-bit VGA palette
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_fx
| Format = 8-bit PCM, unknown header
| KnownFormat = Partial
| Desc = Sound effects
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = SPRITE?_ITM
| Format = [[Raptor Level Format#Sprite library (SPRITEn_ITM)|Raptor sprite library]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Enemy and object definitions for a sprite bank
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = FLATSG?_ITM
| Format = [[Raptor Level Format#Tile properties (FLATSGn_ITM)|Raptor tile properties]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Destructibility, hit points and bounty values for tiles
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_itm
| Format = ?
| KnownFormat = No
| Desc = Other binary data tables
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_map
| Format = [[Raptor Level Format]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Game levels, including tile grids and actor placements
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_mus
| Format = [[MUS Format]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Background music
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_pic, *_blk
| Format = [[Raptor PIC Format]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Various images and full-screen graphics
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_rec
| Format = [[Raptor Demo Format]]
| KnownFormat = No
| Desc = Pre-recorded demo macros
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = startg?tiles .. endg?tiles
| Format = [[Raptor Tileset Format]]
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Tiles used to draw game levels
}}
{{GameFile
| Name = *_txt
| Format = ASCII text
| KnownFormat = Yes
| Desc = Text for various game screens
}}
{{EndGameFileList}}

== Actor data (resolved fields) ==

Each actor (enemy or object placement) is six INT32LE values. The four fields previously marked as needing investigation are resolved below from the released DOS source (<code>MAP.H</code> and <code>ENEMY.C</code>), validated byte-for-byte against the shipped v1.2 data. In the game source this record is the 24-byte <code>CSPRITE</code> structure.

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Type !! Source name !! Meaning
|-
| 0x00 || INT32LE || <code>link</code> || Spawn-group chain. See ''Spawn order'' below. <code>0</code> means the next actor spawns with this one; <code>1</code> or <code>-1</code> ends the group.
|-
| 0x04 || INT32LE || <code>slib</code> || Index into the <code>SPRITE''n''_ITM</code> sprite library (see ''Sprite library''). This selects the enemy or object type.
|-
| 0x08 || INT32LE || <code>x</code> || Tile-grid column, 0–8.
|-
| 0x0C || INT32LE || <code>y</code> || Tile-grid row, 0–139. See ''Spawn order'' for why actors do not use rows 140–149.
|-
| 0x10 || INT32LE || <code>game</code> || Sprite bank 0–3, selecting which of the four <code>SPRITE''n''_ITM</code> libraries <code>slib</code> indexes.
|-
| 0x14 || INT32LE || <code>level</code> || Difficulty gate. <code>3</code> = easy, <code>4</code> = medium and <code>5</code> = hard; <code>1</code>, <code>2</code> and <code>6</code> are secret tiers; other values never spawn. Easy actors spawn on every difficulty, medium actors on veteran and above, and hard actors only on elite.
|}

== Spawn order ==

The engine spawns actors with a forward-only cursor over the actor list (<code>ENEMY_Think</code>). A group is a run of consecutive actors chained by <code>link</code> until an actor has <code>link</code> set to <code>1</code> or <code>-1</code>. The whole group spawns when the scrolling map reaches the head actor's <code>y</code> row.

Because the cursor only moves forward and the map scrolls from row 139 toward row 0:

* Group heads must appear in descending-<code>y</code> order in the list.
* Every group head's <code>y</code> must be 139 or less.

If either condition is violated, the cursor stalls and every actor after the offending entry silently fails to spawn. This is why placements do not use rows 140–149, and why a level editor must re-sort groups by descending head <code>y</code> after edits. All 27 shipped levels satisfy this invariant.

== Sprite library (<code>SPRITE''n''_ITM</code>) ==

<code>slib</code> indexes an array of 528-byte <code>SPRITE</code> records defined in <code>MAP.H</code>. These are stored as the GLB items <code>SPRITE1_ITM</code> through <code>SPRITE4_ITM</code>, one per bank. The engine derives the entry count from the item's byte size, so appending complete records adds enemy types without a code change.

Each record contains the GLB item name of its first graphic frame, hit points, bounty, explosion type, as many as 24 gun mounts, as many as 24 engine-flame positions, and as many as 30 flight-path waypoints with a movement or AI type. Enemy behaviour is therefore largely data-driven.

Record layout (all values are little-endian):

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Type !! Field
|-
| 0x00 || char[16] || <code>iname</code> — GLB item name of the first graphic frame
|-
| 0x10 || INT32LE × 26 || <code>item</code>, <code>bonus</code>, <code>exptype</code>, <code>shotspace</code>, <code>ground</code>, <code>suck</code>, <code>frame_rate</code>, <code>num_frames</code>, <code>countdown</code>, <code>rewind</code>, <code>animtype</code>, <code>shadow</code>, <code>bossflag</code>, <code>hits</code>, <code>money</code>, <code>shootstart</code>, <code>shootcnt</code>, <code>shootframe</code>, <code>movespeed</code>, <code>numflight</code>, <code>repos</code>, <code>flighttype</code>, <code>numguns</code>, <code>numengs</code>, <code>sfx</code>, <code>song</code>
|-
| 0x78 || INT16LE × 144 || <code>shoot_type[24]</code>, <code>engx[24]</code>, <code>engy[24]</code>, <code>englx[24]</code>, <code>shootx[24]</code>, <code>shooty[24]</code>
|-
| 0x198 || INT16LE × 60 || <code>flightx[30]</code>, <code>flighty[30]</code> — waypoint offsets from the spawn anchor
|}

The known <code>flighttype</code> values are:

* <code>0</code>: repeat — ping-pongs between the last waypoint and waypoint <code>repos</code>.
* <code>1</code>: linear — follows the waypoint list once and leaves.
* <code>2</code>: kamikaze — follows the waypoint list, then dives at the player.
* <code>3</code>–<code>5</code>: ground variants — ignore waypoints and scroll with the terrain.

== Tile properties (<code>FLATSG''n''_ITM</code>) ==

Each bank has an array of 8-byte <code>FLATS</code> records, one per tile and in the same order as the tile graphics.

{| class="wikitable"
! Offset !! Type !! Field
|-
| 0x00 || INT32LE || <code>linkflat</code> — tile index displayed after this tile is destroyed. A value equal to the tile's own index makes it indestructible.
|-
| 0x04 || INT16LE || <code>bonus</code> — hit points or bonus ID
|-
| 0x06 || INT16LE || <code>bounty</code> — money awarded when destroyed
|}

== GLB items that make up a level ==

Levels and their supporting data are named items inside the game's GLB archives:

* <code>MAP''w''G''s''_MAP</code> — level data in this format, for wave ''w'' 1–9 of sector ''s'' 1–3.
* <code>SPRITE''n''_ITM</code> — sprite library for bank ''n'' 1–4.
* <code>FLATSG''n''_ITM</code> — tile-property table for bank ''n'' 1–4.
* <code>STARTG''n''TILES</code> through <code>ENDG''n''TILES</code> — marker-delimited run of 32×32 tile graphics for bank ''n'' 1–4. A cell's graphic is the item at <code>STARTG''n''TILES</code> + 1 + ''tile number''.

Because GLB item IDs are positional, an editor that rebuilds an archive must preserve item order. See [[GLB Format (Raptor)]].

== Credits ==

The actor-field resolution, spawn-order invariant, sprite-library, tile-property and GLB-item documentation were reverse-engineered from the released Raptor DOS source and validated byte-for-byte against the shipped v1.2 data by [https://github.com/Alexbeav Alexbeav] and contributors to the [https://github.com/Alexbeav/raptor-map-editor Raptor Map Editor] project in 2026. Original page and tile/header documentation is credited to the earlier contributors.

[[Category:Apogee]]
[[Category:Cygnus]]
[[Category:Overhead]]
[[Category:Space Invaders]]

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Raptor